News and Treatment Updates

In this issue of Blood, Muffly et al1 demonstrate in a phase 1 trial the feasibility and safety of CD117-targeted, precision preconditioning for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic neoplasia (MDS). Almost 70…

Abstract 6508 Background: Advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been driven by progress in supportive care, conditioning regimens, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. Post-transplant morbidity and mortality are most pronounced in the first…

Highlights In lower-risk MDS subgroup, trisomy 8 and 9 were more frequent in MDS-AID. MDS-AID had fewer tier 1 or 2 mutations than MDS-control or MDS-ALE. ASXL1 mutations were enriched in MDS-ALE within lower-risk MDS. No significant differences in OS or PFS versus MDS-control…

Key Points Chromosome 5q deletion drives progressive chromosome evolution in TP53-mutant preleukemic HSPCs. Aneuploid HSPCs exhibit a shared gene expression signature which confers unique therapeutic vulnerabilities in AML-CK. Clonal acquisition of multiple chromosomal…

On May 13, 2026, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an all-oral regimen of decitabine–cedazuridine (DEC-C; ASTX727) plus venetoclax for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ineligible for intensive induction chemotherapy…

Abstract Chemotherapy resistance remains a critical challenge in the treatment of patients with cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While genetic alterations can contribute to resistance, the role of rapid-adaptive non-genetic mechanisms, particularly transcription…

Key Points BCL2 overexpression in T cells is related to a lower risk of GVHD. BCL2 inhibitors should be used with caution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Abstract Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after…

Abstract Background: Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) represent a group of heterogeneous clonal disorders characterized by immune dysregulation in their pathogenesis. Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a critical role in immune modulation. Methods: We collected the fecal samples of 23…

Key Takeaways Approval targets older/unfit newly diagnosed AML, introducing an all-oral HMA/venetoclax backbone that may reduce infusion burden and expand outpatient feasibility. ASCERTAIN‑V part B delivered DEC‑C days 1–5 q28d with venetoclax ramp-up to 400 mg then 400 mg daily…

ABSTRACT Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is an effective treatment for patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies. Over the last decade, gut microbiota composition during allo-HCT has been associated with patients' outcomes. Treatment-related…