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Background
Aplastic anemia
Aplastic anemia:
(ay-PLASS-tik uh-NEE_mee-uh) A rare and serious condition in which the bone marrow fails to make enough blood cells - red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The term aplastic is a Greek word meaning not to form. Anemia is a condition that happens when red blood cell count is low. Most…
is a rare, life-threatening…
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Highlights
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Donor change at second allo-HCT did not improve survival after MRD-HCT relapse.
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23MM-RD was associated with inferior OS in the overall cohort.
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Findings for 23MM-RD may not reflect contemporary PTCy-based transplantation.
ABSTRACT
Relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) from
human leukocyte antigen
human leukocyte antigen:
(LEW-kuh-…
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Highlights - Tomostrocel is a multi-donor
bone marrow
bone marrow:
The soft, spongy tissue inside most bones. Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow.
-derived MSC product in late-stage development - Real-world data of 317 adult aGvHD patients treated with tomostrocel are analyzed - 75% of patients had prior…
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HIGHLIGHTS-
Prophylactic
Prophylactic:
Something that prevents or protects. Blood thinners may be given as a prophylactic to prevent blood clots in high risk patients.
rituximab reduces EBV infection and PTLD in high-risk allo-HCT recipients. - IPTW and Fine–Gray analyses confirm an independent reduction in EBV infection risk. - Despite delayed B-cell…
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Simple Summary
Acute myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia:
(uh-KYOOT my-uh-LOYD loo-KEE-mee-uh) A cancer of the blood cells. It happens when very young white blood cells (blasts) in the bone marrow fail to mature. The blast cells stay in the bone marrow and become to numerous. This slows production of red blood cells and platelets. Some cases of MDS become…
with NPM1
mutation…
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ABSTRACT IntroductionMenin inhibitors, including the FDA-approved agents revumenib and ziftomenib, have emerged as transformative targeted therapies in
acute myeloid leukemia
acute myeloid leukemia:
(uh-KYOOT my-uh-LOYD loo-KEE-mee-uh) A cancer of the blood cells. It happens when very young white blood cells (blasts) in the bone marrow fail to mature. The blast cells stay in the…
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Key PointsAutomated NGS in Mexico reveals a distinct AML profile with high Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 mutations and few age-related variants.AML risk assessment improved via genomics but survival was limited by restricted access to targeted therapies and HCT.AbstractComprehensive genomic analysis is essential for risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making in
acute myeloid leukemia…
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Key PointsVEXAS syndrome is associated with endothelial cell activation, endotheliopathy and VWF-ADAMTS13 axis dysfunction.Increased
plasma
plasma:
The fluid part of the blood. Plasma is mostly made of water with chemicals in it. These chemicals include proteins, hormones, minerals, and vitamins.
FVIII levels, enhanced thrombin generation and activated protein C resistance are…
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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) remains a potentially curative therapy for various hematologic malignancies,
bone marrow failure
bone marrow failure:
A condition that occurs when the bone marrow stops making enough healthy blood cells. The most common of these rare diseases are aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and paroxysmal nocturnal…
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HighlightsThe analysis included 122 survivors who underwent HCT between 1972 and 2021 with a median interval between HCT and survey of 26.0 (range 1.1 to 47.1) yr.The most common reported chronic health conditions were problems with sexual desire, erection, ejaculation, vaginal dryness, or pain (35%), cataracts (20%), and reduced bone mineral density (20%).Overall quality of life reported by…
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Summary
Bone marrow failure
Bone marrow failure:
A condition that occurs when the bone marrow stops making enough healthy blood cells. The most common of these rare diseases are aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Bone marrow failure can be acquired (begin any time in life) or can be…
syndromes (BMFS) are a diverse group of…
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Key PointsOlder adults with AML have different expectations compared to their
oncologist
oncologist:
(on-KAH-luh-jist) A doctor who specializes in the treatment and prevention of cancer.
regarding how their physical function will change.Future research is needed to understand the clinical impact of discordant expectations and how to support communication about functioning.…
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Key PointsTreatment decisions should be guided by PNH
clone
clone:
To make copies. Bone marrow stem cells clone themselves all the time. The cloned stem cells eventually become mature blood cells that leave the bone marrow and enter the bloodstream.
size,
hemolysis
hemolysis:
(hi-MOL-uh-suss) The destruction of red blood cells.
,
hemoglobin
hemoglobin:
A protein in…
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HighlightsHaploidentical HSCT with post-transplant
cyclophosphamide
cyclophosphamide:
Cyclophosphamide is in a class of medications called alkylating agents. When used to treat cancer, it works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells in your body. When cyclophosphamide is used to treat bone marrow failure, it works by suppressing your body's immune system.
yields overall…
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Key PointsInfection risk in MDS is dynamic and biologically driven, influenced by
neutropenia
neutropenia:
(noo-truh-PEE-nee-uh) A condition in which there is a shortage of neutrophils in the bloodstream. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell. This results in a low white blood cell count.
, therapy and immune reserveTreatment with
azacitidine
azacitidine:
It works by…
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AbstractMR1-restricted T (MR1T) cells are a subset of unconventional T cells that recognize metabolite-derived antigens presented by the oligomorphic major histocompatibility complex class I–related molecule MR1. MR1T cells express a polyclonal T-cell receptor repertoire, can kill many tumor cell types, and can influence the function of other immune cells. Given their target specificities, MR1T…
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AbstractPurpose
Neutropenic diet
Neutropenic diet:
(noo-truh-PEE-nik) A diet for a patient with very low white blood cell count. A neutropenic diet avoids the use of certain foods that can may contain germs, such as raw meats, aged cheeses, fermented drinks, and unwashed fruits and vegetables.
(ND) has historically been recommended to reduce infectious complications in patients with…
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AbstractPost-transplant
cyclophosphamide
cyclophosphamide:
Cyclophosphamide is in a class of medications called alkylating agents. When used to treat cancer, it works by slowing or stopping the growth of cancer cells in your body. When cyclophosphamide is used to treat bone marrow failure, it works by suppressing your body's immune system.
(PTCy) has transformed
graft-versus-host…
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Valeria Santini, MD, discusses advances in the treatment of
myelodysplastic syndromes
myelodysplastic syndromes:
(my-eh-lo-diss-PLASS-tik SIN-dromez) A group of disorders where the bone marrow does not work well, and the bone marrow cells fail to make enough healthy blood cells. Myelo refers to the bone marrow. Dysplastic means abnormal growth or development. People with MDS have low…
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The biologic drug interferon-alpha can benefit patients with blood cancers called myeloproliferative neoplasms by forcing mutant blood
stem cells
stem cells:
Cells in the body that develop into other cells. There are two main sources of stem cells. Embryonic stem cells come from human embryos and are used in medical research. Adult stem cells in the body repair and maintain the organ or…
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