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Highlights
Heme biosynthesis enzymes are variably suppressed in AML
Heme levels are linked with altered leukemic transcriptional programs via BACH1
Heme biosynthesis is a selective dependency in AML, both in vitro and in vivo
Heme starvation disrupts complex IV, inducing copper accumulation and cuproptosis
Summary…
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Abstract
Somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can lead to clonal
hematopoiesis
hematopoiesis:
(hi-mat-uh-poy-EE-suss) The process of making blood cells in the bone marrow.
of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and progression to
myelodysplastic syndromes
myelodysplastic syndromes:
(my-eh-lo-diss-PLASS-tik SIN-dromez) A group of disorders where the…
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Key Points
Ivosidenib
Ivosidenib:
A small molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1), which is mutated in several forms of cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
,
venetoclax
venetoclax:
Venetoclax is used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic leukemia in adults. Venetoclax is used alone or in combination with other cancer medicines…
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Highlights
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Single-cell RNA-sequencing performed on 16 lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (LR-MDS)
bone marrow
bone marrow:
The soft, spongy tissue inside most bones. Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow.
-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs)
•
A 30-gene signature distinguishes LR-MDS hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from Healthy…
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Curtis et al. (July 17 issue)1 report evidence of longer
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD):
Also called GVHD, it is a common complication of bone marrow/stem cell transplantation. It is caused when the donor's immune cells, now in the patient, begin to see the the patient's body as foreign and mount an immune response. GVHD most commonly effects the…
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Luspatercept has emerged as a novel therapy for
anemia
anemia:
(uh-NEE-mee-uh) A condition in which there is a shortage of red blood cells in the bloodstream. This causes a low red blood cell count. Symptoms of anemia are fatigue and tiredness.
in transfusion-dependent (TD) lower-risk
myelodysplastic syndromes
myelodysplastic syndromes:
(my-eh-lo-diss-PLASS-tik SIN-dromez) A…
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How should patients with VEXAS (an acronym for vacuoles [in myeloid and erythroid precursors], E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome be treated? Until now, we have only had case reports and small series to guide us. In this issue of Blood, Jachiet and colleagues from the French VEXAS group FRENVEX retrospectively describe their experience with
azacitidine
azacitidine…
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Abstract
Higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR-MDS) with RARA gene overexpression is a subset of patients (pts) with an actionable target for
tamibarotene
tamibarotene:
Tamibarotene (brand name: Amnolake), also called retinobenzoic acid, is orally active, synthetic retinoid, developed to overcome all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance, with potential antineoplastic activity…
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Dr. Rory Shallis explains the treatment,
Imetelstat
Imetelstat:
Who should not take RYTELO?
Before taking RYTELO, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:
are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. RYTELO may harm your unborn baby and may cause loss of pregnancy. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you…
, for patients with Low Risk MDS…
Podcast Episode last updated
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Abstract
Clonal
hematopoiesis
hematopoiesis:
(hi-mat-uh-poy-EE-suss) The process of making blood cells in the bone marrow.
of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is associated with increased mortality and malignancy risk, yet the determinants of clonal expansion remain poorly understood. We performed sequencing at a depth of coverage of >4000× for CHIP mutations in 6976 postmenopausal…
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Meet Evan. In a recent conversation with the
Aplastic Anemia
Aplastic Anemia:
(ay-PLASS-tik uh-NEE_mee-uh) A rare and serious condition in which the bone marrow fails to make enough blood cells - red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The term aplastic is a Greek word meaning not to form. Anemia is a condition that happens when red blood cell count is low. Most…
and MDS…
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Please find all content at the link.
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To the editor,
Mutations in nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1-mut) are detected in approximately 30% of newly diagnosed (ND)
acute myeloid leukemia
acute myeloid leukemia:
(uh-KYOOT my-uh-LOYD loo-KEE-mee-uh) A cancer of the blood cells. It happens when very young white blood cells (blasts) in the bone marrow fail to mature. The blast cells stay in the bone marrow and become to numerous. This slows…
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Abstract
The TP53 gene ensures genetic fidelity by regulating cell cycle kinetics and
apoptosis
apoptosis:
Programmed cell death.
. In myeloid neoplasms, TP53
mutation
mutation:
Any change or alteration in a gene. A mutation may cause disease or may be a normal variation. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) occurs because of a mutation in the PIG-A gene of a single stem…
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Immunohistochemistry (IHC) could represent a biomarker for the early detection of TP53 mutations and for the prediction of a TP53 allelic state in patients with myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) and
acute myeloid leukemia
acute myeloid leukemia:
(uh-KYOOT my-uh-LOYD loo-KEE-mee-uh) A cancer of the blood cells. It happens when very young white blood cells (blasts) in the bone marrow fail…
Article last updated
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TP53 mutations are found in 10-15% of myeloid neoplasms and are one of its most important prognostic factors. Emerging data show that TP53 mutational allele status is a key determinant of clinical outcomes, with multi-hit TP53 mutant myeloid neoplasms having a very poor prognosis. Significant differences exist among the methods used in clinical and research settings to assess TP53 mutational…
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Key Points
NK cells phenotyping reveals impaired cytotoxicity, chronic activation and exhaustion in VEXAS syndrome.
Decreased circulating NK cells were independently associated with an increased risk of severe infections in VEXAS syndrome.
VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disorder caused by acquired somatic UBA1 mutations in…
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Their research led to the 2022 approval of olutasidenib for certain patients with IDH1-mutant AML, which occurs in about 10% of AML. After that success, Dr. Watts and his team began to focus closely on testing the drug in MDS, a related condition that often progresses to AML.
IDH-1 mutations also occur in MDS, at a frequency of 3 to 5%.
Strong Responses
In the current study, the researchers…
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A phase 2 study found that eprenetapopt plus
azacitidine
azacitidine:
It works by reducing the amount of methylation in the body. Methylation is a process that acts like a switch to turn off or “silence” genes in certain cells. When these genes (called tumor suppressor genes) are turned off, MDS cells and cancer cells can grow freely. Azacitidine is approved by the U…
induced responses…
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Abstract
Aplastic anemia
Aplastic anemia:
(ay-PLASS-tik uh-NEE_mee-uh) A rare and serious condition in which the bone marrow fails to make enough blood cells - red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The term aplastic is a Greek word meaning not to form. Anemia is a condition that happens when red blood cell count is low. Most…
(AA) transformation into
myelodysplastic…
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