Predicting response of severe aplastic anemia to immunosuppression combined with eltrombopag

Pretreatment blood counts, particularly the absolute reticulocyte reticulocyte: An immature red blood cell. Reticulocytes are normally found in the bone marrow. They are present in the bloodstream only in very low numbers. count (ARC) ≥25×109/L, correlate with response to immunosuppressive therapy immunosuppressive therapy: Immunosuppressive drug therapy lowers your body's immune response. This prevents your immune system from attacking your bone marrow, allowing bone marrow stem cells to grow, which raises blood counts. For older patients with acquired aplastic anemia, immunosuppressive drug therapy is the… (IST) in severe aplastic anemia aplastic anemia: (ay-PLASS-tik uh-NEE_mee-uh) A rare and serious condition in which the bone marrow fails to make enough blood cells - red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The term aplastic is a Greek word meaning not to form. Anemia is a condition that happens when red blood cell count is low. Most… (SAA). In recent trials, eltrombopag eltrombopag: What are the possible side effects of eltrombopag (Promacta)? Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using eltrombopag and call your doctor at once if you have: … (EPAG) combined with standard IST yielded superior responses than did IST alone. Our single institution retrospective study aimed to elucidate whether historical response predictors associated with IST plus EPAG. We sought correlations of blood counts, thrombopoietin levels and the presence of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: (par-uk-SIZ-muhl nok-TURN-uhl hee-muh-gloe-buh-NYOOR-ee-uh) A rare and serious blood disease that causes red blood cells to break apart. Paroxysmal means sudden and irregular. Nocturnal means at night. Hemoglobinuria means hemoglobin in the urine. Hemoglobin is the red part of red blood cells. A… clones with both overall and complete responses in 416 patients with SAA, aged 2-82 years (median, 30 years), initially treated with IST plus EPAG between 2012 and 2019 (n=176) or with IST alone between 1999 and 2010 (n=240). Patients in the group of overall responders to IST plus EPAG, compared to non-responders, had significantly higher pretreatment ARC, higher neutrophil neutrophil: (NOO-truh-fil) The most numerous of the white blood cells, important for helping the body fight infections (particularly bacterial and fungal infections. counts and reduced thrombopoietin levels, as also observed for IST alone group. Addition of EPAG markedly improved the overall response in subjects with ARC between 10-30×109/L from from 60% (54 of 90) to 91% (62 of 68). Absolute lymphocyte lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell. B lymphoctyes, or B cells, help make special proteins called antibodies that fight bacteria and viruses (immune response). T lymphocytes, or T cells, help kill tumor cells and help the body's immune response. count (ALC) correlated with complete response in both IST with and without EPAG, especially in adolescents and adults aged ≥10 years, but the correlation was reversed in younger children. Platelet Platelet: The smallest type of blood cell. Platelets help the blood to clot and stop bleeding. Also called a thrombocyte. count and the presence of a paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria-clone did not correlate with IST-responses. Blood counts remain the best predictors of response to nontransplant therapies in SAA. In comparison to IST alone, addition of EPAG, patients with lower ARC were now included in the better prognosis category.